Przykład użycia biblioteki RPi_I2C_driver.py w celu uzyskania różnych efektów na wyświetlaczu hd44780 w tym znaków specjalnych użytkownika.
Wymagania:
- nowa wersja biblioteki RPi_I2C_driver.py w jednym katalogu ze skryptem przykładowym
- ekran hd44780 podłączony wg. instrukcji https://malinowo.secu.com.pl/raspberry-pi-ekran-lcd-4×20-hd44780-konwerter-i2c/
RPi_I2C_driver.py
Nowa wersja biblioteki do obsługi wyświetlacza HD44780 podłączonego przez interfejs I2C posiada umieszczone wszystkie klasy i funkcje w jednym pliku.
Autor dodał w niej możliwość wyświetlania znaków w dowolnym miejscu oraz możliwość dopisania 8 własnych znaków graficznych do pamięci wyświetlacza.
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Compiled, mashed and generally mutilated 2014-2015 by Denis Pleic Made available under GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE # Modified Python I2C library for Raspberry Pi # as found on http://www.recantha.co.uk/blog/?p=4849 # Joined existing 'i2c_lib.py' and 'lcddriver.py' into a single library # added bits and pieces from various sources # By DenisFromHR (Denis Pleic) # 2015-02-10, ver 0.1 """ # # import smbus from time import * class i2c_device: def __init__(self, addr, port=1): self.addr = addr self.bus = smbus.SMBus(port) # Write a single command def write_cmd(self, cmd): self.bus.write_byte(self.addr, cmd) sleep(0.0001) # Write a command and argument def write_cmd_arg(self, cmd, data): self.bus.write_byte_data(self.addr, cmd, data) sleep(0.0001) # Write a block of data def write_block_data(self, cmd, data): self.bus.write_block_data(self.addr, cmd, data) sleep(0.0001) # Read a single byte def read(self): return self.bus.read_byte(self.addr) # Read def read_data(self, cmd): return self.bus.read_byte_data(self.addr, cmd) # Read a block of data def read_block_data(self, cmd): return self.bus.read_block_data(self.addr, cmd) # LCD Address ADDRESS = 0x27 # commands LCD_CLEARDISPLAY = 0x01 LCD_RETURNHOME = 0x02 LCD_ENTRYMODESET = 0x04 LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL = 0x08 LCD_CURSORSHIFT = 0x10 LCD_FUNCTIONSET = 0x20 LCD_SETCGRAMADDR = 0x40 LCD_SETDDRAMADDR = 0x80 # flags for display entry mode LCD_ENTRYRIGHT = 0x00 LCD_ENTRYLEFT = 0x02 LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT = 0x01 LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT = 0x00 # flags for display on/off control LCD_DISPLAYON = 0x04 LCD_DISPLAYOFF = 0x00 LCD_CURSORON = 0x02 LCD_CURSOROFF = 0x00 LCD_BLINKON = 0x01 LCD_BLINKOFF = 0x00 # flags for display/cursor shift LCD_DISPLAYMOVE = 0x08 LCD_CURSORMOVE = 0x00 LCD_MOVERIGHT = 0x04 LCD_MOVELEFT = 0x00 # flags for function set LCD_8BITMODE = 0x10 LCD_4BITMODE = 0x00 LCD_2LINE = 0x08 LCD_1LINE = 0x00 LCD_5x10DOTS = 0x04 LCD_5x8DOTS = 0x00 # flags for backlight control LCD_BACKLIGHT = 0x08 LCD_NOBACKLIGHT = 0x00 En = 0b00000100 # Enable bit Rw = 0b00000010 # Read/Write bit Rs = 0b00000001 # Register select bit class lcd: #initializes objects and lcd def __init__(self): self.lcd_device = i2c_device(ADDRESS) self.lcd_write(0x03) self.lcd_write(0x03) self.lcd_write(0x03) self.lcd_write(0x02) self.lcd_write(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | LCD_2LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS | LCD_4BITMODE) self.lcd_write(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | LCD_DISPLAYON) self.lcd_write(LCD_CLEARDISPLAY) self.lcd_write(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | LCD_ENTRYLEFT) sleep(0.2) # clocks EN to latch command def lcd_strobe(self, data): self.lcd_device.write_cmd(data | En | LCD_BACKLIGHT) sleep(.0005) self.lcd_device.write_cmd(((data & ~En) | LCD_BACKLIGHT)) sleep(.0001) def lcd_write_four_bits(self, data): self.lcd_device.write_cmd(data | LCD_BACKLIGHT) self.lcd_strobe(data) # write a command to lcd def lcd_write(self, cmd, mode=0): self.lcd_write_four_bits(mode | (cmd & 0xF0)) self.lcd_write_four_bits(mode | ((cmd << 4) & 0xF0)) # write a character to lcd (or character rom) 0x09: backlight | RS=DR< # works! def lcd_write_char(self, charvalue, mode=1): self.lcd_write_four_bits(mode | (charvalue & 0xF0)) self.lcd_write_four_bits(mode | ((charvalue << 4) & 0xF0)) # put string function def lcd_display_string(self, string, line): if line == 1: self.lcd_write(0x80) if line == 2: self.lcd_write(0xC0) if line == 3: self.lcd_write(0x94) if line == 4: self.lcd_write(0xD4) for char in string: self.lcd_write(ord(char), Rs) # clear lcd and set to home def lcd_clear(self): self.lcd_write(LCD_CLEARDISPLAY) self.lcd_write(LCD_RETURNHOME) # define backlight on/off (lcd.backlight(1); off= lcd.backlight(0) def backlight(self, state): # for state, 1 = on, 0 = off if state == 1: self.lcd_device.write_cmd(LCD_BACKLIGHT) elif state == 0: self.lcd_device.write_cmd(LCD_NOBACKLIGHT) # add custom characters (0 - 7) def lcd_load_custom_chars(self, fontdata): self.lcd_write(0x40); for char in fontdata: for line in char: self.lcd_write_char(line) # define precise positioning (addition from the forum) def lcd_display_string_pos(self, string, line, pos): if line == 1: pos_new = pos elif line == 2: pos_new = 0x40 + pos elif line == 3: pos_new = 0x14 + pos elif line == 4: pos_new = 0x54 + pos self.lcd_write(0x80 + pos_new) for char in string: self.lcd_write(ord(char), Rs) |
RPi_I2C_driver_example.py
przykład użycia biblioteki RPi_I2C_driver.py :
- wyświetlenie znaków graficznych
- pasek postępu
- poziomy scrool
- equalizer
- losowe znaki
- ramka interfejsu użytkownika
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#!/usr/bin/python # requires RPi_I2C_driver.py import RPi_I2C_driver from time import * import random """RPi_I2C_driver_example.py: example usage RPi_I2C_driver.py """ __author__ = "zbiros" __copyright__ = "Copyright 2015, Malinowo.net.pl" __credits__ = ["Denis Pleic"] __license__ = "GPL" __version__ = "1.0.1" __maintainer__ = "zbiros" __email__ = "zbiros@malinowo.secu.com.pl" __status__ = "Development" lcd = RPi_I2C_driver.lcd() # ============== example 1 =============================== custom_char = [ # network signal [ 0x01, 0x01, 0x05, 0x05, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15 ], # right arrow [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x02, 0x1F, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00 ], # left arrow [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x08, 0x1F, 0x08, 0x04, 0x00 ], # enter [ 0x01, 0x01, 0x05, 0x09, 0x1F, 0x08, 0x04, 0x00 ], # clock [ 0x00, 0x0E, 0x15, 0x15, 0x13, 0x11, 0x0E, 0x00 ], # face [ 0x0E, 0x1F, 0x15, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x11, 0x0E, 0x00 ], # arrow down [ 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x15, 0x0E, 0x04, 0x00 ], # arrow up [ 0x04, 0x0E, 0x15, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x00 ], ] lcd.lcd_clear() lcd.lcd_display_string_pos("Example1:custom characters",1,0) # row 1, column 1 lcd.lcd_load_custom_chars(custom_char) # 0x80 row 1 # 0xC0 row 2 # 0x94 row 3 # 0xD4 row 4 # write chars to row 3 lcd.lcd_write(0x94) lcd.lcd_write_char(0) lcd.lcd_write_char(1) lcd.lcd_write_char(2) lcd.lcd_write_char(3) lcd.lcd_write_char(4) lcd.lcd_write_char(5) lcd.lcd_write_char(6) lcd.lcd_write_char(7) sleep(5) # ============== example 2 =============================== lcd.lcd_clear() lcd.lcd_display_string_pos("Examp.2:progress bar",1,0) # row 1, column 1 block = chr(255) # block character, built-in for x in range (0,10): lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(block,3,x) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(`x*10` + "%",3,12) sleep(0.5) sleep(3) # ============== example 3 =============================== lcd.lcd_clear() lcd.lcd_display_string_pos("Exam.3:horiz.scrool",1,0) # row 1, column 1 custom_char = [ # heart [ 0x00, 0x0A, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x0E, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00 ], ] lcd.lcd_load_custom_chars(custom_char) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(0),3,3) # display heart in row 3 column 3 lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(0),3,16) scrool_txt = "Hello.This is example long scroll text." scrool_txt = scrool_txt + " " lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(scrool_txt[:12], 3,4) # initially show just the first part for i in range (0,len(scrool_txt)): lcd_text = scrool_txt[i:(i+12)] lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(lcd_text,3,4) sleep(0.2) # ============== example 4 =============================== lcd.lcd_clear() lcd.lcd_display_string_pos("Example 4:equalizer",1,0) # row 1, column 1 custom_char = [ # 10 % bar [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1F ], # 30 % bar [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F ], # 70 % bar [ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F ], # 90 % bar [ 0x00, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F ], ] lcd.lcd_load_custom_chars(custom_char) for x in range (0,64): for y in range (3,17): rand = random.randint(0,3) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(rand),3,y) # display heart in row 3 column 3 sleep(0.1) # ============== example 5 =============================== lcd.lcd_clear() lcd.lcd_display_string_pos("Example5:random char",1,0) # row 1, column 1 blocks = ['`','~','!','@','$','%','^','&','*','(',')','_','-','+','=','{','}','[',']','|',';'] for x in range (0,192): rand_row = random.randint(2,4) rand_col = random.randint(0,19) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(random.choice(blocks),rand_row,rand_col) sleep(0.1) # ============== example 6 =============================== lcd.lcd_clear() lcd.lcd_display_string_pos("Example 6:interface",1,0) # row 1, column 1 custom_char = [ # left up corner [0x00, 0x0F, 0x08, 0x0B, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A], # right up corner [0x00, 0x1E, 0x02, 0x1A, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A], # vertical bars [0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A], # left down corner [0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0B, 0x08, 0x0F, 0x00], # right down corner [0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x0A, 0x1A, 0x02, 0x1E, 0x00], # top bars [0x00, 0x1F, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00], # down bars [0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x00], ] lcd.lcd_load_custom_chars(custom_char) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(0),2,6) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(5),2,7) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(5),2,8) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(5),2,9) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(5),2,10) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(5),2,11) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(1),2,12) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(2),3,6) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(2),3,12) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(3),4,6) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(6),4,7) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(6),4,8) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(6),4,9) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(6),4,10) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(6),4,11) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(unichr(4),4,12) for x in range(0,5): lcd.lcd_display_string_pos("Hello",3,7) sleep(0.5) lcd.lcd_display_string_pos(" ",3,7) sleep(0.5) |
Strony przydatne do generowania znaków:
http://www.quinapalus.com/hd44780udg.html
http://omerk.github.io/lcdchargen/
Inspiracje do tworzenie własnych znaków:
Program do generowania znaków:
http://eshortcircuit.blogspot.com/2012/04/hd44780-custom-character-generator.html
